...the ne nation, the Continental Congress passed the first Flag Act Resolved, That the flag of the United States be made of thirteen stripes, alternate red and hite that the union be thirteen stars, hite in a blue field, representing a ne Constellation. Act of January 13, 1794 - provided for 15 stripes and 15 stars after May 1795. Act of April 4, 1818 - provided for 13 stripes and one star for each state, to be added to the flag on the 4th of July folloing the admission of each ne state, signed by President Monroe. Executive Order of President Taft dated June 24, 1912 - established proportions of the flag and provided for arrangement of the stars in six horizontal ros of eight each, a single point of each star to be upard. Executive Order of President Eisenhoer dated January 3, 1959 - provided for the arrangement of the stars in seven ros of seven stars each, staggered horizontally and vertically. Executive Order of President Eisenhoer dated August 21, 1959 - provided for the arrangement of the stars in nine ros of stars staggered horizon tally and eleven ros of stars staggered vertically. 2.The original Pledge of AllegianceI pledge allegiance to my Flag and the Republic for hich it stands- one nation indivisible-ith liberty and justice for all.On September 8,1892, the Boston based The Youths Companion magazine published a fe ords for students to repeat on Columbus Day that year. ritten by Francis Bellamy, the circulation manager and native of Rome, Ne York, and reprinted on thousands of leaflets, as sent out to public schools across the country. On October 12, 1892, the quadricentennial of Columbus arrival, more than 12 million children recited the Pledge of Allegiance, thus beginning a required school-day ritual. At the first National Flag Conference in ashington D.C., on June14, 1923, a change as made. For clarity, the ords the Flag of the United States replaced my flag. In the folloing years various other changes ere suggested but ere never formally adopted. It as not until 1942 that Congress officially recognized the Pledge of Allegiance. One year later, in June 1943, the Supreme Court ruled that school children could not be forced to recite it. In fact, today only half of our fifty states have las that encourage the recitation of the Pledge of Allegiance in the classroom! In June of 1954 an amendment as made to add the ords under God. Then-President Dight D. Eisenhoer said In this ay e are reaffirming the transcendence of religious faith in Americas heritage and future in this ay e shall constantly strengthen those spiritual eapons hich forever ill be our countrys most poerful resource in peace and ar. 3.The History Of Flag DayThe Fourth of July as traditionally celebrated as Americas birthday, but the idea of an annual day specifically celebrating the Flag is believed to have first originated in 1885. BJ Cigrand, a schoolteacher, arranged for the pupils in the Fredonia, isconsin Public School, District 6, to observe June 14 the 108th anniversary of the official adoption of The Stars and Stripes as Flag Birthday. In numerous magazines and nespaper articles and public addresses over the folloing years, Cigrand continued to enthusiastically advocate the observance of June 14 as Flag Birthday, or Flag Day. On June 14, 1889, George Balch, a kindergarten teacher in Ne York City, planned appropriate ceremonies for the children of his school, and his idea of observing Flag Day as later adopted by the State Board of Education of Ne York. On June 14, 1891, the Betsy Ross House in Philadelphia held a Flag Day celebration, and on June 14 of the folloing year, the Ne York Society of the Sons of the Revolution, celebrated Flag Day. Folloing the suggestion of Colonel J Granville Leach at the time historian of the Pennsylvania Society of the Sons of the Revolution, the Pennsylvania Society of Colonial Dames of America on April 25, 1893 adopted a resolution requesting the mayor of Philadelphia and all others in authority and all private citizens to display the Flag on June 14th. Leach ent on to recommend that thereafter the day be knon as Flag Day, and on that day, school children be assembled for appropriate exercises, ith each child being given a small Flag. To eeks later on May 8th, the Board of Managers of the Pennsylvania Society of Sons of the Revolution unanimously endorsed the action of the Pennsylvania Society of Colonial Dames. As a result of the resolution, Dr. Edard Brooks, then Superintendent of Public Schools of Philadelphia directed that Flag Day exercises be held on June 14, 1893 in Independence Square. School children ere assembled, each carrying a small Flag, and patriotic songs ere sung and addresses delivered. In 1894, the governor of Ne York directed that on June 14 the Flag be displayed on all public buildings. ith BJ Cigrand and Leroy Van Horn as the moving spirits, the Illinois organization, knon as the American Flag Day Association, as organized for the purpose of promoting the holding of Flag Day exercises. On June 14th, 1894, under the auspices of this association, the first general public school childrens celebration of Flag Day in Chicago as held in Douglas, Garfield, Humboldt, Lincoln, and ashington Parks, ith more than 300,000 children participating. Adults, too, participated in patriotic programs. Franklin K. Lane, Secretary if the Interior, delivered a 1914 Flag Day address in hich he repeated ords he said the flag had spoken to him that morning I am hat you make me nothing more. I sing before your eyes as a bright gleam of color, a symbol of yourself. Inspired by these three decades of state and local celebrations, Flag Day - the anniversary of the Flag Resolution of 1777 - as officially established by the Proclamation of President oodro ilson on May 30th, 1916. hile Flag Day as celebrated in various communities for years after ilsons proclamation, it as not until August 3rd, 1949, that President Truman signed an Act of Congress designating June 14th of each year as National Flag Day. 4. Ho did the flag become knon as OLD GLORYThis famous name as coined by Captain Stephen Driver, a shipmaster of Salem, Massachusetts, in 1831. As he as leaving on one of his many voyages aboard the brig CHARLES DOGGETT - and this one ould climax ith the rescue of the mutineers of the BOUNTY - some friends presented him ith a beautiful flag of tenty-four stars. As the banner opened to the ocean breeze for the first time, he exclaimed Old Glory! He retired to Nashville in 1837, taking his treasured flag from his sea days ith him. By the time the Civil ar erupted, most everyone in and around Nashville recognized Captain Drivers Old Glory. hen Tennessee seceded from the Union, Rebels ere determined to destroy his flag, but repeated searches revealed no trace of the hated banner. Then on February 25th, 1862, Union forces captured Nashville and raised the American flag over the capital. It as a rather small ensign and immediately folks began asking Captain Driver if O...
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